Day: February 24, 2021

Chapter 6 discussed the Laws of Thermodynamics and their relation to energy and energy transfer. Energy transfers take place constantly in everyday activities. Think of two scenarios: cooking on a stove and driving. Explain how the second law of thermodynamics applies to these two scenarios.
The video below is a representative collection of ideas and conversations going on around the world on responsible consumption and production. Using thermodynamic theory as a foundation, devise and comment on what you consider to be a good rationale for responsible consumerism.

The video- 00:00
[Music]
00:05
now familiar did you know that we
00:09
Americans have about three times the
00:12
amount of space we did 50 years ago
00:14
three times so you think with all this
00:18
extra space we’d have plenty of room for
00:21
all our stuff right nope this new
00:25
industry in town a twenty two billion
00:27
dollar 2.2 billion square foot industry
00:30
that a personal storage we’ve got triple
00:33
the space so we become such good
00:35
shoppers that we need even more space so
00:40
where is this lead lots of credit card
00:43
debt huge environmental footprints and
00:47
perhaps not coincidentally our happiness
00:49
levels flat lines over the same 50 years
00:52
so I want to suggest that less stuff and
00:55
less space are going to equal smaller
00:58
footprint it’s actually a great way to
00:59
save you some money and it can give you
01:01
a little more ease in your life it’s a
01:03
story about us people being persuaded to
01:09
spend money we don’t have on things we
01:11
don’t need to create impressions that
01:13
won’t last on people we don’t care about

01:16
what is the objective what is the
01:19
objective of the consumer Mary Douglas
01:21
asked in an essay on poverty written 35
01:25
years ago it is she said to help create
01:30
the social world and find a credible
01:33
place in it now that is a deeply
01:37
humanizing vision of our lives and it’s
01:40
a completely different vision than the
01:43
one that lies at the heart of this
01:47
economic model so who are we who are
01:51
these people are we these novelty
01:54
seeking hedonistic selfish individuals
01:57
or might we actually occasionally be
02:01
something like the selfless altruist
02:03
depicted in Rembrandt’s lovely lovely
02:06
sketch here well psychology actually
02:08
says there is a tension a tension
02:12
between
02:13
self-regarding behaviors and other
02:15
regarding behaviors and these tensions
02:17
have deep evolutionary roots so selfish
02:20
behavior is adaptive in certain
02:22
circumstances fight or flight but other
02:25
regarding behaviors are essential to our
02:29
evolution as social beings and perhaps

02:32
even more interesting from our point of
02:33
view another tension between novelty
02:35
seeking behaviors and tradition or
02:39
conservation novelty is adaptive when
02:42
things are changing and you need to
02:43
adapt yourself tradition is essential to
02:46
lay down the stability to raise families
02:48
and form cohesive social groups
02:50
unfortunately while the society is
02:53
without a doubt the most prosperous and
02:55
dynamic the world has ever created it’s
02:58
got some major major flaws one of them
03:02
is that every society has an ecological
03:04
footprint it has an amount of impact on
03:08
the planet that’s measurable how much
03:09
stuff goes through your life how much
03:12
weight is left behind you and we at the
03:16
moment in our society have a really
03:19
dramatically unsustainable level of this
03:22
we are using up about five planets if
03:25
everybody on the planet lives the way we
03:27
did we’d need between five six seven
03:29
some people even say ten planets to make
03:31
it clearly we don’t have ten planets
03:33
again you know mental vigil ten planets

03:36
one planet ten plants one plant right we
03:38
don’t have that so that’s one problem
03:41
the second problem is that the planet
03:43
that we have is being used in wildly
03:45
unfair way have you ever wondered where
03:47
all the stuff we buy comes from and
03:48
where it goes when we throw it out I
03:50
couldn’t stop wondering about that so I
03:52
looked it up and what the textbook said
03:54
is that stuff moves through a system
03:57
from extraction to production to
03:59
distribution to consumption to disposal
04:01
all together it’s called the materials
04:04
economy well I would spin to it a little
04:06
bit more in fact I spent ten years
04:08
traveling the world tracking where our
04:11
stuff comes from and where it goes
04:13
and you know what I found out that is
04:15
not the whole story there is a lot
04:17
missing from this explanation for one
04:20
thing this system looks like it’s fine
04:22
no problem but the truth is it’s a
04:25
system in crisis
04:26
and the regenerative system in crisis is
04:28
it’s a linear system and we live on a

04:31
finite planet and you cannot run a
04:33
linear system on a finite planet
04:35
indefinitely every step along the way
04:38
this system is interacting with the real
04:40
world in real life it’s not happening on
04:42
a blank white page it’s interacting with
04:44
societies cultures economies the
04:47
environment and all along the way it’s
04:49
bumping up against limits limits we
04:51
don’t see here because the diagram is
04:53
incomplete so let’s go back sir let’s
04:55
fill in some of the blanks and see
04:57
what’s missing well one of the most
04:59
important things that’s missing is
05:00
people guess people people live and work
05:03
all along this system will start with
05:06
extraction which is a fancy word for
05:08
natural resource exploitation which is a
05:11
fancy word for trashing the planet what
05:14
this looks like is we chop down the
05:15
trees you blow up mountains to get the
05:17
metals inside we use up all the water
05:19
and we wipe out the animals so here we
05:22
are running up against our first limit
05:23
we are running out of resources

05:25
we are using too much stuff next the
05:29
materials move to production and what
05:31
happens there is we use energy to make
05:33
toxic chemicals in with the natural
05:35
resources to make toxic contaminated
05:37
products and of course the people who
05:40
bear the biggest brunt of these toxic
05:42
chemicals are the factory workers so you
05:44
see it’s not just resources that are
05:46
wasted along this system but people too
05:48
whole communities get wasted so what
05:51
happens after all these natural
05:52
resources are turned into products well
05:54
it moved here for distribution the goal
05:56
here is to keep the prices down keep the
05:59
people buying and keep the inventory
06:00
moving we shop and shop and shop keep
06:04
the materials flowing and flow they do
06:07
guess what percentage of total materials
06:10
flow through this system is still in
06:12
product or use six months after their
06:14
date of sale in North America 50 percent
06:17
20 No 1 percent 1 in other words 99% of
06:25
the stuff we harvest mine process
06:27
transport 99% of the stuff we run

06:29
through the system is trashed within 6
06:32
months so in the end what happens to all
06:34
the stuff we buy anyway at this rate of
06:36
consumption it can’t fit into our houses
06:37
even though the average house side is
06:39
in this country since the 1970s it all
06:42
goes out in the garbage and that brings
06:44
us to disposal all of this garbage
06:47
either gets dumped in a landfill which
06:48
is just a big hole in the ground or if
06:51
you’re really unlucky first it’s burned
06:53
in an incinerator and then dumped in the
06:55
landfill either way they both pollutes
06:57
the air land water and don’t forget
07:00
change the climate
07:01
what about recycling does recycling help
07:04
yes recycling helps recycling reduces
07:08
the garbage to descend and it reduces
07:10
the pressure to mine and harvests new
07:11
stuff at this end yes yes yes we should
07:14
all recycle but recycling is not enough
07:16
recycling will never be enough it’s not
07:20
not just about products in people’s
07:22
homes we’ve got to think about the raw
07:23
materials that produce our products

07:26
obviously there’s fantastic
07:27
opportunities with recycled materials
07:29
and we can and will go zero waste and
07:32
there’s opportunities in a circular
07:34
economy but we’re still dependent on
07:36
natural raw materials
07:38
let’s take cotton Cotton’s brilliant
07:40
probably many people are wearing cotton
07:42
right now it’s a brilliant textile in
07:44
use it’s really dirty in production it
07:46
uses lots of pesticides lots of
07:47
fertiliser lots of water so we’ve worked
07:50
with others with other businesses and
07:52
NGOs on the betta cotton initiative
07:54
working right back down to the farm and
07:57
there you can have the amount of water
07:59
and half the chemical inputs the yields
08:01
increase and sixty percent of the costs
08:04
of running many of these farms with
08:05
farmers with low incomes can be chemical
08:08
inputs yields increase and you have the
08:11
input cost farmers are coming out of
08:12
poverty they love it already hundreds of
08:15
thousands of farmers have been reached
08:17
and now we’ve got 60% better cotton in

08:20
our business again we’re going all-in by
08:21
2015 we’ll be a hundred percent better
08:23
cotton take the topic of a hundred
08:26
percent target such like people
08:28
sometimes think that 100 percent is
08:30
going to be hard and we’ve had the
08:31
conversation in the business actually
08:33
it’s not 100 percent is easier to do the
08:34
90 percent or 50 percent if you have a
08:37
90 percent target everyone in the
08:38
business finds a reason to be in the ten
08:40
percent when it’s a hundred percent it’s
08:43
kind of clear you know and business
08:46
people like clarity because then you
08:48
just get the job done and I think
08:49
everybody would agree but now business
08:51
has to take full risk
08:52
ability for the impacts of your supply
08:54
chain many businesses now fortunately
08:57
have code of conducts and ordered the
08:59
supply chains but not every business far
09:01
from there and this came in IKEA
09:03
actually in the 90s we found with a risk
09:05
of child labor in the supply chain and
09:08
people in the business were shocked you

09:10
know and it was clearly totally
09:12
unacceptable so then you have to act so
09:14
a code of conduct with developed and now
09:16
we have 80 auditors out in the world
09:19
every day making sure all our factories
09:21
secure good working conditions and
09:23
protect human rights and make sure there
09:25
is no child labor but it’s not just as
09:28
simple as making sure there’s no child
09:30
labor you’ve got to say that’s that’s
09:32
not enough today I think we’d all agree
09:34
that children are the most important
09:36
people in the world and the most
09:38
vulnerable so what can a business do
09:41
today to actually use your total value
09:43
chain to support a better quality of
09:45
life and protect child rights we’ve
09:48
worked with UNICEF and Save the Children
09:49
on developing some new business
09:52
principles with child children’s rights
09:53
increasing numbers of businesses are
09:55
signing up to these but actually not in
09:58
a survey many business leaders said they
10:00
thought their business had nothing to do
10:01
with children so what we’ve decided to

10:05
do is we will look and ask ourselves a
10:07
tough questions with partners who know
10:09
more than us what can we do to go beyond
10:12
our business to help improve the lives
10:13
of children
10:15
[Music]

Your Discussion should be at least 250 words in length, but not more than 750 words.

Use APA citations and references for the textbook and any other sources used; you should use at least 1 APA citation and reference, but you can use more if needed. 

Understanding and Integration of Living Components of the Human Body.

It is here where much detail is brought together with cellular structure and function, and the organization of many cells together in the body, that make up tissues. Do not merely memorize these individual vocabulary words, but rather, learn and comprehend how these cells and tissues interact and function together.

Therefore ASSIGNMENT # 2 is as follows:

Given what you have learned from Cell Structure and Function, and Tissue Related Concepts, how can present and ongoing climatic changes impact us, at the Cellular and Tissue level?        List two (2) precise examples including Cellular and Tissue for both.

You MUST be BIOLOGICALY ACCURATE and very focused in your writing. No rambling on. Instead be brief, but succinct in your responses. It is to your advantage that you complete the readings of BOTH Chapters 3 and 4, before you approach your answer to this question. 

Do not “Google” nor seek textbook answers. Verbatim responses are so obvious and result with grave consequences in allotted point value.

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=m9sdsjGvziE

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=yKS0ycBu2Vc