Day: April 27, 2018

1.

What does ΔG of a metabolic reaction measure?

the net change in free energy during a reaction

the amount of heat energy gained or lost in a reaction

the amount of matter transferred in a reaction

the change in activation energy required in a reaction due to enzyme activity

the activation energy of a reaction

2.

Which of the following does a catalyst change during a chemical reaction?

the free energy of the products

heat

entropy

activation energy

the free energy of the reactants

3.

ATP is not the only molecule that can drive reactions. When ATP is depleted during exercise, muscle cells use phosphocreatine to drive the regeneration of ATP.

Consider the following half reactions:

1. ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi

ΔG = –7.3 kcal/mol

2. Phosphocreatine + H2O → creatine + Pi

ΔG = –10.3 kcal/mol

From these two reactions, calculate the Gibbs free energy of the following coupled reaction, catalyzed by creatine kinase:

Phosphocreatine + ADP → ATP + creatine

ΔG = ?

Which is the correct net Gibbs free energy of the reaction?

ΔG = –3 kcal/mol

ΔG = –17.6 kcal/mol

ΔG = 0 kcal/mol

ΔG = +3 kcal/mol

ΔG = +17.6 kcal/mol

4.

Which source of energy does active transport use?

the regeneration of ATP bound to an active transport pump

the hydrolysis of ATP bound to an active transport pump

the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the active transport pump

the transport of ATP bound to an active transport pump

the transport of GTP bound to an active transport pump

5.

Which is an anabolic process?

protein synthesis

glycolysis

ATP hydrolysis

protein degradation

active transport

6.

The sodium-potassium pump is an active transport pump that uses energy to pump potassium into cells and sodium out of cells. Why is ATP energy required?

to change the shape of the ions

to transfer glucose in the same direction as Na+ ions

to pump the Na+ and K+ ions along their diffusion gradient

to pump the Na+ and K+ ions against their diffusion gradient

for the membrane to change shape

7.

Which definition best describes a cell’s metabolism?

the chemical reactions that break down glucose for energy

the use of ATP as an energy carrier

the energy level that must be overcome for a chemical reaction to move forward

the burning of fat molecules for energy

the sum of all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism

8.

Which reaction can provide the energy needed to run an endergonic reaction?

protein synthesis

photosynthesis

ATP hydrolysis

enzyme catalysis

All answers are correct.

9.

Which process(es) can directly amplify signals in a transduction pathway?

activating adenylyl cyclase

activating kinases

activating phosphatases

activating phospholipase C

All answers are correct.

10.

What happens when protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase in the epinephrine signal transduction pathway?

Phosphorylase kinase becomes deactivated, and glucose production is suppressed.

Phosphorylase kinase becomes activated, and glucose production is suppressed.

Phosphorylase kinase becomes deactivated, and glucose production is enhanced.

Phosphorylase kinase becomes activated, and glucose production is enhanced.

None of the answers are correct.

11.

Which is a catabolic process?

glycolysis

ATP synthesis

ion transport

photosynthesis

translation of mRNA into protein

12.

Which reaction does a kinase catalyze in a signal transduction pathway?

binding of a signal molecule to a receptor

production of cAMP

phosphorylation of a TARGET  protein

All answers are correct.

None of the answers are correct

Integral to this course and to understanding the decisions of the Supreme Court will be the ability to read, understand, brief, and discuss the cases of the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS). The following information, “How to Read Case Law,” discusses how to master these tasks. This information may be referenced and used elsewhere in the course, including in the Unit Assessments.
The official site of the SCOTUS is a useful and beneficial tool. Some cases even provide the opportunity to listen to the oral arguments. This site should be used to supplement any additional information you may need. Another useful site is the Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law.
There are numerous sites on the Internet that provide case briefs. If any student case briefs are copied, however, there will be an automatic score of zero for the unit.

How to Read Case Law:

A court uses specific components in case law. You should use these components when you brief, or summarize, case law. Each component is detailed below in �The Components of a Case.�
As you read case law, try to identify each of the six components listed below. This identification process slows your reading, but it helps you stay focused on what you are reading and what you should be looking for as you read case law. The key is to read wisely and try to read a case only one time. For each paragraph, you should be able to list one or more of the components in the margin. If you cannot, go back and reread the paragraph.
Please note: Much of your reading for this course may seem overwhelming. However, there are some things you can do to remain focused and to read with purpose. Most U.S. Supreme Court cases are well written. The authors understand the use of topic sentences. Try this: Read only the first sentence of each paragraph in the case; do not take notes, do not underline, and just read the first sentences. This only takes a few minutes, but readers usually reap great rewards from this process. A good legal writer provides the most important information at the beginning of each paragraph. In most instances, you will pick up the key facts and key rules (law). By reading only the first sentence in each paragraph, you acquire an overview of the case. You may not understand why the Court held as it did, but you will have a jump-start on what the case is all about.
The Components of a Case:

1. Syllabus and Head Notes: At the beginning of many cases, there will be a syllabus and a summary of the case and its holdings. The summary should be used with caution, as its use varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In some jurisdictions, the syllabus is the law of the case, and the opinion is merely a detailed explanation of the syllabus. In other jurisdictions, the headnotes are merely editorial comments of the court reporter or the publishing company that prints the case, such as the West Publishing Company.

2. Procedural History: This information is usually located near the beginning of the case. It is sometimes called �judicial history.� The Court explains how the case worked its way to this court. Many cases begin in a trial court, and then move on to appeal. Most of the �reported cases� are appellate cases. Trial court decisions are usually not printed. If you have trouble tracing the procedural history, try listing the previous court proceedings in a time-line format.

3. Facts: The facts are at the core of all cases. Your initial focus should be on the facts. It often helps to think about the facts in light of what happened before this matter became part of a judicial proceeding. When writing the facts section of a case brief, tell a story about people before the initial trial. Courts often provide much more factual detail than you need to place into a case brief. Remember, a case brief is a summary of the case. The Court usually places the facts very near the beginning of the decision.

4. Issue(s): The issue (or issues, as there may be several) is the question before the Court (which is the Court writing the decision). It is important to remember that the issue on appeal is not the same as the issue presented to the lower court. For example, at the trial court level, the issue may involve the guilt or innocence of a defendant. On appeal, the issue could involve a question of judicial error, but the issue on appeal will not involve the factual finding of guilt or innocence. In other words, did the judge make an error that must be corrected on appeal? Now, with that said, there will be times when unusual issues move up on appeal, but this is a good starting point for your understanding of legal issues.

5. Rule(s) of Law: The rules are the law used by the Court. Rules usually originate in primary sources of law, such as the Constitution, statutes, rules or regulations, and case law. The rules are applied to the facts of a case. The Court usually goes to great lengths to make sure readers understand exactly why a certain outcome was reached. Some paragraphs in case law decisions contain only procedural history or only facts. A rule of thumb: When you read a paragraph containing law, it is probably an analysis paragraph. The rule sets out the legal test that the court uses to make a decision. The more difficult paragraphs contain law, facts, and explanation or reasoning. These paragraphs are usually reasoning/analysis paragraphs.

6. Reasoning/Analysis: This is the core of case law. The reasoning of a court is at the center of every decision. The reasoning or analysis component is very important. Analysis is usually the lengthy component of a decision. A court explains its reasoning using the key facts and the relevant law. In our legal system, case law builds upon case law. Readers of case law must understand why a court reached a specific decision.

A court’s analysis combines:
� key facts
� law
� the court’s explanation

Remember, readers have expectations. It is best to avoid surprise or confusion.
� A reader must understand which facts are most important, or key.
� A reader must understand which law was relied upon or followed by the court.
� A reader must understand the court’s reasoning.

7. Holding(s) and the Court’s Order: The holding states that court’s conclusion or decision on the particular legal issue. When you summarize the holding, try to keep it very concise. After the decision about the legal issue, the court either takes some action or it orders another court to take some action.

Part 1: Using the information from �How to Read Case Law,� prepare a brief for each of the following cases:
� Slaughterhouse cases (1 BRIEF)
� Lochner v. New York ) (1 BRIEF)
� Nebbia v. New York (1 BRIEF)
� Ferguson v. Skrupa (1 BRIEF) (TOTAL 4 BRIEFS)

Each brief should be approximately 1 page in length FOR THE CASES ABOVE, written in 12-point Times New Roman font. After each brief, concisely discuss the importance of each case and the evolution of the case law over the 90-year span of these decisions. Within your discussion, include all dissenting and concurring opinions. Part 1 of this assignment should be a minimum total of 4 pages. All outside sources used should be properly cited in APA format.

Part 2: Credible Internet research (sites such as Oyez and Cornell Law Institute � do not use Wikipedia, Answers, About.com, or any unverifiable or unreliable sources), discuss the evolution of the takings clause using detailed and thorough discussion of relevant and important case law.

Your essay should include a discussion of a minimum of 4 cases.

Part 2 of this assignment should be a minimum of 3 pages in length written in 12-point Times New Roman font. All sources should be properly cited in APA format.
This assignment is due in Unit IV. Submit Parts 1 and 2 in one document.

Module Exam II: Chapter 14

1. On October 1 of the current year a corporation sold, at par plus accrued interest, $1,000,000 of its 12% bonds,

which were dated July 1 of this year. What amount of bond interest expense should the company report on its current year income statement?

2. A company issued 9%, 10years bonds with a par value of $1,000,000 on September 1, Year 1 when the market rate was 9%. The bonds were dated June 30, Year 1.

The bond issue price included accrued interest. Interest is paid semiannually on December 31 and June 30.

(a) Prepare the issuer’s journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds on September 1.

(b) Prepare the issuer’s journal entry to record the semiannual interest payment on December 31, Year 1.

 

3. A company issued 9.2%, 10-year bonds with a par value of $100,000.  Interest is paid semiannually.

The market interest rate of the issue date was 10%, and the issuer received $95,016 for the bonds.

On the first semiannual interest date, what amount of cash should be paid to the holds of these bonds for interest?

 

4. On January 1, a company issued 10-year, 10% bonds payable with a par value of $500,000, and received $442,647 in cash proceeds.

The market rate of interest at the date of issuance was 12%. The bonds pay interest semiannually on July 1 and January 1.

The issuer uses the straight-line method for amortization. Prepare the issuer’s journal entry to record the first semiannual interest payment on July 1.

5. Wiffery company had the following trading securities in its porfolio of December 31. The fair value adjustment-Trading account

had a balance of zero prior to year end adjustment. Prepare the appropriate adjusting journal entry.

6. Kramer Corporation had the following long investment transactions.

Jan 2;purchased 5,000 shares of Optic, Inc for $42 per share plus $7,000 in fess and comminssion.

These shares represent 35% of ownership of Optic.

Oct 15:Received Optic, Inc. cash dividend of $2 per share.

Dec 31:Optic reported a net loss of $66,000 for the year.

Prepare the journal entries for Karmer Corporation should record for these transactions and events.

Text (including quotations) must be in Times New Roman 12 point font. ? Line spacing must be at least one-and?a?half lines; except that indented quotations may have single line spacing. ? Margins of at least 2 cm must be used at the top and bottom of the page, and 2.5 cm on the right and left sides of the page. ? Footnotes or endnotes must be included within the specified page allowance; each note must be no smaller than 10 point font and must start on a new line. ? A bibliography may be added: this does not count towards the specified page allowance. No other appendix may be attached. ? Pages should be numbered
you should use oscola style
i prefer to contact me throw emails only
this is refrence list you can use from this list and plz add some extra sourse not from the list
? Insolvency Law and Practice: Report of the Review Committee (Cmnd 8558,1982)
? The London Approach https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/archive/Documents/historicpubs/qb/1993/qb93q1110115.pdf
? Department of Trade and Industry, A Review of Company Rescue and Business Reconstruction Mechanisms (2000) https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.insolvency.gov.uk/insolvencyprofessionandlegislation/con_doc_register/con_doc_archive/consultation/condoc/condocreport.htm
? The Insolvency Service, Productivity and Enterprise: Insolvency ? A Second Chance (Cmnd 5234, 2001) https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/263523/5234.pdf
? S. Frisby, ?Report to the Association of Business Recovery Professionals: A Preliminary Analysis of Pre-Packaged Administrations? (2007) https://www.r3.org.uk/media/documents/publications/press/preliminary_analysis_of_pre-packed_administrations.pdf.
? The Insolvency Service, Encouraging Company Rescue https://globalinsolvency.com/sites/all/files/insolvency_service.pdf
? T Graham CBE, ?Graham Review into Pre-pack Administration: Report to the Rt Hon Vince Cable MP (June 2014) https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/graham-review-into-pre-pack-administration
? The Insolvency Service, A Review of the Corporate Insolvency Framework: A Consultation on Options for Reform https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/525523/A_Review_of_the_Corporate_Insolvency_Framework.pdf
Further Reading:
? S. Frisby, ?In Search of a Rescue Regime: The Enterprise Act, 2002? (2004) 67 MLR 247.
? Fletcher, ?UK Corporate Rescue: Recent Developments ? Changes to Administrative Receivership, Administration, and Company Voluntary Arrangements ? The Insolvency Act 2000, The White Paper 2001, and the Enterprise Act 2002? (2004) 5 EBOR 119.
? J. Armour and R. Mokal, ?Reforming the Governance of Corporate Rescue: The Enterprise Act 2002? https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=567306
? A Keay ?The New Era for Administrations? (2005) 1 Ins Intel1 5.
? V. Finch, ?Control and Co-ordination in Corporate Rescue? [2005] 25 Legal Studies 374.
? J. Armour, A. Hsu, and A.Walters, ?Corporate Insolvency in the United Kingdom: The Impact of the Enterprise Act 2002? (2008) 5 European Company and Financial Law Review, 148.
? V. Finch, ?Corporate Rescue Processes: The Search for Quality and the Capacity to Resolve? (2010) 6 JBL 502.

Answer only two out of the six following questions. Answers should be approximately 4 – 5 pages in length for each question. Double spaced. (so choose any 2 questions below, each question will be 4 pages long)

1.What are some of the more important comparative strengths and weaknesses of the American Congressional and Canadian Parliamentary systems of government? Discuss

2.Terrorism is the indirect strategy that wins or loses in terms of the response to it. Discuss

3.The foundations of Canadian foreign policy have been consistently based on the principles of pragmatic multilateralism. Discuss

4.For the early Greeks the study of politics was all encompassing; it was an attempt to come to a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the individual and of society. Discuss

5.In a very basic sense the state is a human community that claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of force within a given territory. Discuss

6.Discuss the various stages through which legislation must pass through Parliament before becoming law. What are some of the more important surveillance functions available to Parliament for holding the Executive (Government) accountable? How effective are they?

Answers must be properly cited and contain a bibliography

Question

1 of 20

Which of the following is a colonial form of green algae?

Giardia

Thiobacillus

Volvox

Paramecium

Question

2 of 20

Land was first colonized about ______ years ago.

100 million

500 million

570 million

1.7 billion

Question

3 of 20

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ______.

male cones

mycelia

filaments

anthers

Question

4 of 20

Under what abiotic conditions can monomers spontaneously form polymers?

When water evaporates from a hot surface

When ribozymes are present to catalyze the reaction

With the addition of water

By biogenesis

Question

5 of 20

Gametophytes reproduce ______.

by fission

by producing sperm and eggs

by alternation of generations

by budding

Question

6 of 20

Under ideal conditions, prokaryotes are capable of reproducing at a(n) ______ rate.

hypergeometric

exponential

infinite

arithmetic

Question

7 of 20

A pollen grain is a ______.

female gametophyte

sporophyte

type of seed

male gametophyte

Question

8 of 20

Where and when does fertilization occur in the mushroom life cycle?

Underground, as a mycelium begins to spread.

On the surface of the ground, when a spore germinates.

In a mushroom, when nuclei of a heterokaryotic cell fuse.

In a mushroom, when sperm and eggs meet.

Question

9 of 20

According to the theory of endosymbiosis, which organelles evolved from small prokaryotes that established residence within other, larger prokaryotes?

Vacuoles and lysosomes

Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

Centrioles and ribosomes

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question

10 of 20

What global climatic change gave gymnosperms an advantage over ferns?

The climate becoming hotter and wetter

The climate becoming cooler and drier

Increased fluctuations in global climate

The climate becoming cooler and wetter

Question

11 of 20

Which protozoan group consists solely of parasitic forms?

Apicomplexans

Ciliates

Flagellates

Amoebas

Question

12 of 20

An explorer found a plant that had roots, stems, and leaves. It had no flowers but produced seeds. This plant sounds like a(n)

fern.

bryophyte.

angiosperm.

gymnosperm.

Question

13 of 20

Plants first moved onto land at least ______ years ago.

65 million

475 million

1.2 billion

3.5 billion

Question

14 of 20

The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to the ______.

kingdom Monera

kingdom Protista

domain Archaea

domain Monera

Question

15 of 20

In angiosperms, what structures house female gametophytes?

Ovules

Petals

Stigma

Sepals

Question

16 of 20

Flagellates, amoebas, apicomplexans, and ciliates are all what type of protist?

Slime molds

Protozoans

Diatoms

Dinoflagellates

Question

17 of 20

All prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms that photosynthesize fit into which nutritional category?

Chemoautotrophs

Photoheterotrophs

Photoautotrophs

Chemoheterotrophs

Question

18 of 20

From the point of view of an angiosperm, what is the function of fruit?

It is where the male gametophyte develops.

It provides structural support for the plant.

It is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds.

It attracts pollinators.

Question

19 of 20

Whose experiments demonstrated that, given the conditions on the primitive Earth, biological monomers could arise spontaneously?

Miller and Urey

Darwin

Watson

Margulis

Question

20 of 20

Like plants, fungi have ______; however, in plants they are composed of ______, whereas in fungi they are composed of ______.

cell walls; cellulose; chitin

cell walls; cellulose; peptidoglycan

cell membranes; phospholipids; peptidoglycan

cell membranes; cellulose; phospholipids

 

You need to use the sources I have provided on screenshot 17.
Make sure to read the rubrics too
I will upload my first paper for your reference. The second paper should be connected to the first paper because I will need to write 1 essay each week. In week six the final paper will be a compilation of all previously written papers. I need this by THursday October 20, 2016.

Please follow the rubric below:

Complete a comprehensive review of the literature on your topic. The goal of the review of the literature is to better understand the components of the health promotion problem identified. Begin with the selection and development of a theoretical framework for the project. Based upon this framework, you can select literature and data from a variety of resources to help explain the phenomena and to help identify potential interventions for the problem. Look at the South University library for peer-reviewed publications not older than 5 years to provide information about various aspects of the proposed project. Synthesize this information and utilize a conceptual framework to help integrate all aspects of the plan into a workable project. Utilize the feedback from your facilitator to improve each week’s work.

Post the results of your work in the form of a two- to three-page Word document to the W2: Assignment 2 Dropbox.
Grading Criteria

Provide a comprehensive review of literature and data sources not older than 5 years relevant to the question. 30 points

Provide evidence of synthesis and analysis of the literature. 15 points

Create an overview of a theoretical framework to frame the project. 10 points

Review of the literature leads to at least one potential intervention. 10 points

Followed APA guidelines 10 points

Total: 75

The first essay relates to the early weeks of the course about the internet and its influence on the relationship between global and local cultures, and the dialectics of empowerment/disempowerment, utopianism/dystopianism that surround this relationship. Guided by the below essay questions, you should focus your essay around a particular element of cyber-culture discourse explored in the early weeks of the course, and/or a particular case study which illuminates the nexus between the internet, globalization, and local cultures. Essay questions will be discussed in tutorials, and you are encouraged to approach your tutor or coordinator for guidance as you choose your essay question and narrow down your argument.
Your essay must be structured around a precise, carefully considered argument developed in response to your chosen question. Don?t simply unload everything you happen to know about the topic! Ensure that your essay does not draw on broad generalizations, anecdotal evidence, or ?common sense? assumptions about the internet and its influence on contemporary culture. Aim instead to clearly position your specific argument within the relevant scholarly discourse. In addition to being well-supported by research, theoretical concepts, and/or
consideration of a relevant case study (depending on your chosen question and approach), your essay should engage with relevant scholarly debates about the liberating or oppressive potentials of the internet ? think of your essay as your original contribution to such debates.

References-
Unless it is to do with a case study for which you require an online resource, use all academic references, whether it be journals or books. Use established texts as well as contemporary in order to build a well-rounded argument.

Readings-
Here are some of the readings provided in the course to help get you started. Use at least two external sources beyond the set readings.

Set Readings:

Reed, TV. 2014. ?How do we make sense of digitizing cultures? Some ways of thinking through the culture-technology matrix.? In Digitized Lives: Culture, Power and Social Change in the Internet Era. New York: Routledge. 1-30. REED.pdf

Buckup, S. 2014. ?Utopia or dystopia? Five Key Tech Debates.? In World Economic Forum. 10 September, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/09/utopia-dystopia-five-key-tech-debates/ Five key tech debates.pdf

Marwick, A. 2013. ?A Cultural History of Web 2.0.? In Status Update: Celebrity, Publicity and Branding in the Social Media Age. New Haven: Yale University Press. 21-72. Marwick.pdf

Morozov, E. 2010. ?The Digital Dictatorship: The Myth of the Techno-Utopia.? The Wall Street Journal. February 20,

https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703983004575073911147404540 The Myth of the Techno-Utopia – WSJ.pdf
S. L. Morrison, and R. Gomez. 2014. ?Pushback: Expressions of resistance to the ?evertime? of constant online connectivity.? First Monday, 19(8).https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/4902

Swinburne Institute for Social Research, Centre for Social Impact, Telstra Corporation Ltd. 2015. Australian Digital Inclusion Index: Discussion Paper. Melbourne. DOI: 10.4225/50/55FF518E1CF42.Telstra Discussion Paper.pdf

Further Reading:

Crary, J. 2014. 24/7. London: Verso.

Goldberg, G. 2016. “Anti-social Media: Digital dystopianism as normative project.” New Media and Society 18(5). 784-799. New Media Society-2016-Goldberg-784-99.pdf

Hall, A. 2009. “A Way of Revealing: Technology and Utopianism in Contemporary Culture.” Journal of Technology Studies 35(1). 58-66. Hall technology utopia.pdf

Hassan, R. 2012. ?The Chronic Distraction of Everyday Life.? In The Age of Distraction: Reading, Writing and Politics in a High-Speed Networked Economy. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. 107-138. HasssanDistraction.pdf

Hassan, R. 2003. ?Network Time and the New Knowledge Epoch.? Time & Society, 12 (2-3). 225-241. 67647_00004036_01_Hassan006.pdf

Wacjman, J. 2014 ?High Speed Society.? In Pressed for Time: The Acceleration of Life in Digital Capitalism. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 13-36. Wajcman.pdf

Ang, I and Pothen, N. 2009. ?FCJ?094 Between Promise and Practice: Web 2.0, Intercultural Dialogue and Digital Scholarship.? The Fibreculture Journal 14. FCJ-094 Between Promise and Practice_ Web 2.pdf

Hands, J. 2011. ?@ is for Alter-Globalisation.? In Dissent, Resistance and Rebellion in a Digital Culture. London: Pluto Press. 142-161. @ is for Alterglobalisation.pdf

Kellner, D. 2001. ?Globalisation, Technopolitics and Revolution.? Theoria: A Journal of Social and Political Theory 98. globalisation technolpolitics kellner.pdf

Gittinger, J. 2014. ?Is there such a thing as ?cyberimperialism?? Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies 28(4). 509-519. Is there such a thing as cyberimperialism.pdf
Helsper, E. J. (2012). A corresponding fields model for the links between social and digital exclusion. Communication Theory, 22(4), pp. 403-426.

Rennie, E., Hogan, E., Gregory, R., Crouch., A, Wright, A & Thomas, J. (2016). Internet at the Outstation: The digital divide and remote indigenous communities. Theory on Demand. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures. Accessible online https://networkcultures.org/blog/publication/no-19-internet-on-the-outstation-the-digital-divide-and-remote-aboriginal-communities/

Wyatt, S (2003) Non-users also matter: The construction of users and non-users of the Internet? in N Oudshoorn and T Pinch (eds) How Users Matter: The Co-construction of Users and Technology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (pp.67-79) Accessible online:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254769192_Non-users_also_matter_The_construction_of_users_and_non-users_of_the_Internet)

Assessment Description
By completing this assessment the learner will gather evidence of their ability, knowledge and skills to:
? complete lodgements and returns for legal entities
? assess taxation liabilities, optimise tax positions, establish processes and plans, evaluate tax policies and review tax compliance for legal entities.

Written report consists of the following assessment methods:
– Setting and reviewing business taxation simulations
– Evaluating an integrated activity which combines the elements of the competencies

Part A ? Written Report
The Ethical Trading Group has continued to grow and become a more complex organisation. You (the learner) are the CFO of the Ethical Trading Group Pty Ltd. The Managing Director CEO has requested your assistance in relation to a few important matters. As the group has continued to grow, the Managing Director has asked you to present to the Board a written report about the tax plan (a plan to optimise the tax position of Ethical Trading Group) and an upcoming ATO audit. The Ethical Trading Group has received a notification from the ATO in regards to a scheduled audit. You (the CFO of the Ethical Trading Group) are to prepare a report to the Board to discuss the tax plan and the ATO audit.

In your report on the tax plan and ATO audit for Ethical Trading Group Pty Ltd, address the matters raised in the Questions 1 to 4 below.

Question 1

a) Provide information on the different types of taxes that may be payable by the company.
b) Include a tax calendar highlighting key taxation lodgement due dates (for taxes identified in question 1a above) and any penalties to be levied for late lodgement. Please use a table format to display this information.
c) Discuss the appropriateness of the use of the accruals basis of accounting for the company.

Question 2
Conduct research to identify updates or any potential changes to tax compliance requirements relevant to maximising Ethical Trading Group?s taxation benefits. (Hint: consider any changes Ethical Trading Group could make based on any ATO or recent Federal Budget Announcements.)
Your report should include the following;
a) Three separate updates which impact the taxation obligations of Ethical Trading Group (ie report on three [3] different taxes Ethical Trading Group pays).
b) Note in your report, three (3) separate sources used to research for the updates and changes (such as names of websites and publications).
c) For these three updates, document the potential record keeping and reporting requirements that Ethical Trading Group will need to implement to reflect these changes.

Question 3
Explain how your tax plan could optimise the organisation?s tax position by:
a) Note which financial records or statements Ethical Trading Group can use to ensure it is able to meet their taxation obligations. Consider two (2) key financial records Ethical Trading Group would already produce or any other external tools which could assist.
b) Note how Ethical Trading Group can use the taxation schedule and calendar developed in Question 1b above, to assist in preparation of a budgeted cash flow.
c) Using the Income and Expenditure statement from the Ethical Trading Group, estimate the following;
i) Budgeted GST payable for the year ended 30/6/15. (Assume GST is collected at 10% of sales revenue and GST is paid at 10% of applicable expenses).
ii) Budgeted Income tax payable by the company, using the standard rate of company tax. (Assume all income is assessable and all expenses are deductible).
d) Analyse differences between budgeted GST payable and budgeted Income tax payable (as you calculated in your answer in question 3c) and the actual GST payable and Income tax (obtain actual balances from the 2015 Actual income and expenditure statement for 2015,
In your analysis discuss possible issues with financial management strategies (ie budgeting) or other processes and controls, taking into consideration the facts discovered from a recent internal audit review of the company.
Internal audit findings include;
? Issues have arisen with invoicing of sales where GST has not been correctly coded and processed.
? A review of income and expenditure identified $300k of legal expenses which had been incorrectly coded as deductible for tax purposes.
e) As a result of the variances between actual tax balances payable and the tax plan estimates noted in 3 d. above, what changes (2 changes) would you suggest have to be made to the budgeting and tax plan process and other management processes.

Question 4
The ATO has written to the Ethical Trading Group informing them about an audit they will be performing of GST, FBT and CGT. For the audit, the ATO has requested the information noted in questions a ? e below.

Taking into consideration the activities of the Ethical Trading Group, identify:

a) the source documents used to verify GST collected or paid, including;
i) what information should be shown on tax invoices (at least 7 pieces of information).
ii) what is the threshold amount for which you are required to issue a tax invoice.

b) Information and/or reports required to assist in preparing the FBT return for the company.

c) Records and/or resources which could be used to assist in calculating and recording capital gains tax. (Hint: Do not provide details on how to calculate CGT.)

d) Details of processes and controls to prepare and lodge GST/ FBT returns, including;
i) Review and sign off of returns
ii) Where and how tax records are stored and filed
iii) Audit trail requirements
iv) How long tax records are kept

e) Note three (3) relevant sections from the Ethical Trading Group Policies and Procedures, which would assist them being compliant with their taxation obligations.

The evolution of health care enterprise portals, especially Healthcare Enterprise Application Integration Portals (HEAIP) are changing the way in which health care is being delivered. These portals offer an aggressive decentralization of the health care delivery process that is now extending into the eHome initiative. Number the document from 1 to 5 and answer the following: 1. Identify and explain some of the major components of enterprise portals. 2. What value do enterprise portals offer a health care delivery organization in terms of technical support, upgrades, and maintenance? 3. How do the costs, direct and indirect, of enterprise portals relate to non-portal based applications? 4. How do HEAIPs enable large scale integrated HIS (healthcare information systems) applications? 5. What factors might lead an organization to decide to adopt a HEAIP approach? What factors might steer it away from this solution? Note: Do not write introduction & conclusion. Do not plagiarize. You can research on the Internet or books/journals & you can add additional references.