1.The thymus produces the hormone thymosin. This hormone is involved in the activation of
a. erythrocytes
b. thrombocytes
c. T-lymphocytes
d. B-lymphocytes
e. None of the above
a. erythrocytes
b. thrombocytes
c. T-lymphocytes
d. B-lymphocytes
e. None of the above
2. Which of these is the most vulnerable to the AIDS virus?
a. CD4 lymphocyte?
b. B-cell
c. Killer T-cell
d. Memory T-cell
e. Suppressor T-cell
a. CD4 lymphocyte?
b. B-cell
c. Killer T-cell
d. Memory T-cell
e. Suppressor T-cell
3. Which of these command the immune forces?
a. T-suppressor lymphocytes
b. T-helper lymphocytes
c. T-killer lymphocytes
d. Antibodies
e. None of the above
a. T-suppressor lymphocytes
b. T-helper lymphocytes
c. T-killer lymphocytes
d. Antibodies
e. None of the above
4. For blood grouping, antigens are present on
a. thrombocytes
b. leukocytes
c. erythrocytes
d. plasma
e. none of the above
a. thrombocytes
b. leukocytes
c. erythrocytes
d. plasma
e. none of the above
5. The following belong to non-specific immunity except:
a. phagocytes
b. inflammatory reactions
c. allergic reactions
d. complement fixation
e. tears
a. phagocytes
b. inflammatory reactions
c. allergic reactions
d. complement fixation
e. tears
6. All blood cells are made in the
a. thymus
b. pancreas
c. bone marrow
d. lymph
e. liver
a. thymus
b. pancreas
c. bone marrow
d. lymph
e. liver
7. When complexed with an antibody, an antigen can be destroyed by:
a. killer T-cell
b. complement
c. histamines
d. macrophages
e. (b) and (d)
a. killer T-cell
b. complement
c. histamines
d. macrophages
e. (b) and (d)
8. These cells are blood cells except:
a. thrombocytes
b. erythrocytes
c. leukocytes
d. osteocytes
e. lymphocytes
a. thrombocytes
b. erythrocytes
c. leukocytes
d. osteocytes
e. lymphocytes
9. A cell that is capable of engulfing and destroying substances is known as:
a. phagocyte
b. osteocyte
c. thrombocyte
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
a. phagocyte
b. osteocyte
c. thrombocyte
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
10. How many types of immunoglobulins are known?
a. two
b. six
c. indefinite
d. five
e. four
a. two
b. six
c. indefinite
d. five
e. four
11. The booster dose of a vaccine triggers:
a. T-helper cells
b. T-memory cells
c. cloning
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
a. T-helper cells
b. T-memory cells
c. cloning
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
12. Which of these also possesses CD4 receptors and therefore can be vulnerable to the AIDS virus?
a. Macrophage?
b. B-cell
c. Killer T-cell
d. Memory T-cell
e. Suppressor T-cell
a. Macrophage?
b. B-cell
c. Killer T-cell
d. Memory T-cell
e. Suppressor T-cell
13. A virally attacked human cell is most vulnerable to attack by the:
a. macrophages
b. killer T-lymphocytes
c. antibodies
d. complement proteins
e. None of the above
a. macrophages
b. killer T-lymphocytes
c. antibodies
d. complement proteins
e. None of the above
14. T-cells which are made in the bone marrow mature in the:
a. bile duct
b. spleen
c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow
e. thymus
a. bile duct
b. spleen
c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow
e. thymus
15. B-cells which are made in the bone marrow mature in the:
a. bile duct
b. spleen
c. c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow
e. thymus
a. bile duct
b. spleen
c. c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow
e. thymus
16. The human red blood cell lacks
a. cytoplasm
b. cell membrane
c. nucleus
d. organelle
e. none of the above
a. cytoplasm
b. cell membrane
c. nucleus
d. organelle
e. none of the above
17. Lymph is similar in composition to
a. interstitial fluid
b. plasma
c. blood
d. sweat
e. none of the above
18. The largest artery in the body is the
a. splenic artery
b. aorta
c. superior mesenteric artery
d. brachiocephalic trunk
e. superior vena cava
a. interstitial fluid
b. plasma
c. blood
d. sweat
e. none of the above
18. The largest artery in the body is the
a. splenic artery
b. aorta
c. superior mesenteric artery
d. brachiocephalic trunk
e. superior vena cava
19. The medical term for deposition of material within arterial wall is:
a. thrombus
b. stasis
c. arteriosclerosis
d. gangrene
e. embolus
a. thrombus
b. stasis
c. arteriosclerosis
d. gangrene
e. embolus
20. Vaccination is an example of:
a. Active artificial immunity
b. Passive natural immunity
c. Active natural immunity
d. Passive artificial immunity
e. Innate immunity
a. Active artificial immunity
b. Passive natural immunity
c. Active natural immunity
d. Passive artificial immunity
e. Innate immunity
Q. 21-30 (2 points each)
ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE TO EACH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS
TRUE FALSE
21. We are grateful to the skeletal system for our
body’s defense mechanisms ——– ——–
21. We are grateful to the skeletal system for our
body’s defense mechanisms ——– ——–
22. Immunity via mother’s milk is natural, active ——– ——–
23. Immunization gives natural, active immunity ——– ——–
24. Osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease ——– ——–
25. Phagocytosis is a specific immune defense ——– ——–
26. NK cells destroy abnormal body cells ——– ——–
27. Passive Immunity lacks memory ——– ——–
28. Lymph nodes are designed to filter blood ——– ——–
29. Palatine tonsils are also known as the ‘adenoids’ ——– ——–
30. All blood cells originate from the bone marrow ——– ——–
ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. How many categories of leukocytes exist in a human body? List them and state briefly the role each plays in body defense.
Describe a typical process of phagocytosis. Who is the intruder in your example and what type of leukocyte plays this role?
Describe a typical process of phagocytosis. Who is the intruder in your example and what type of leukocyte plays this role?
2. Provide in a tabulated comparative format, 5 characteristics of veins and 5 characteristics of arteries
3. a.Whichtwo minerals are most predominant in bone?
b. How would you most easily relate the Skeletal System of the human body to the Nervous System?
c. Summarize the functions of the Skeletal System.
d. List5 structures you are mostly likely to find in all the joints.
3. a.Whichtwo minerals are most predominant in bone?
b. How would you most easily relate the Skeletal System of the human body to the Nervous System?
c. Summarize the functions of the Skeletal System.
d. List5 structures you are mostly likely to find in all the joints.
4. Read Disease in Context on pages 286 and 305
Cole’s case: A hemoglobin Abnormality
Sickle Cell Anemia
Cole’s case: A hemoglobin Abnormality
Sickle Cell Anemia
a. State the major categories of blood cells featured in this case study. Where are these cells produced in the body?What is the primary function of each of them?How does a simple erythrocyte relate to ATP?
b. What percentage of blood is plasma? What percentage is made up of blood cells?Name the blood protein that transports oxygen. The precursor cells for erythrocytes are known as………………………..
b. What percentage of blood is plasma? What percentage is made up of blood cells?Name the blood protein that transports oxygen. The precursor cells for erythrocytes are known as………………………..
c. Assuming each of Cole’s parents is genetically AS (according to the doctor), how can you represent Cole’s genetic inheritance of sickle cell disease from his parents?(Use a Punnett Square to illustrate your answer).
5 a. What is “pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?” Of what significance is it in modern medicine?
b. What is the main function of the Respiratory System? In 4 easy steps, summarize the process of respiration giving a subheading to each step.
(Please remember that respiration is never complete without the energy production phase).
c. Stroke and diabetic hypoglycemia share some similar symptoms, how can you explain this?
b. What is the main function of the Respiratory System? In 4 easy steps, summarize the process of respiration giving a subheading to each step.
(Please remember that respiration is never complete without the energy production phase).
c. Stroke and diabetic hypoglycemia share some similar symptoms, how can you explain this?
6.a. Summarize the principles of coronary bypass surgery.
b.Distinguish between heart attack (MI) and congestive heart failure (CHF). Describe primary, secondary and tertiary preventive measures for each of them. Which one of the two diseases impresses you as more deadly and why?
b.Distinguish between heart attack (MI) and congestive heart failure (CHF). Describe primary, secondary and tertiary preventive measures for each of them. Which one of the two diseases impresses you as more deadly and why?
