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ESL 21A- Spring 2014- Conjunctive Adverbs
Due: Wednesday, March 12
This handout is being collected.
A)Choose the appropriate conjunctive adverb and use it to combine the sentences. If you print out this page, you don’t have to rewrite the sentences just make sure you punctuate correctly.
If you don’t print this handout out, you can copy the answers onto a sheet of paper. Just make sure you write out the entire sentence.
1. At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Inca Empire was 2,500 miles long and 500 miles wide. The Inca ruled about 16 million people.
(however, otherwise, for example, moreover)
2. The government did not collect taxes in the form of money. Citizens paid them by serving in the army or working in agriculture.
(however, instead, otherwise, in addition)
3. Most Inca families raised animals such as guinea pigs and llamas and farmed the land. They were extremely self-sufficient.
(nevertheless, otherwise, consequently, in addition)
4. The Inca did not have wheeled vehicles, horses, or a formal writing system. They were able to stay in contact with others because they had an elaborate network of stone roads.
(otherwise, for example, nevertheless, on the other hand)
5. Runners carried quipus, intricate cords with varying patterns of knots and colors that were used for communication. The quipus kept accurate numerical information about inventories, supplies, and population.
(nonetheless, on the contrary, for example, instead)
B) Combine the following sentences by using any appropriate conjunctive adverb. Refer to the conjunctive adverbs in the above activity or in WAE.
6. The Inca built roads mainly to control their empire. Officials and armies used the road system more frequently than Inca citizens did.
7. The Inca system of roads and bridges simplified communication and travel. The roads also made it easier for the Spanish to conquer the Inca.
8. In the late 1400s, the Inca civilization was thriving and powerful. In the sixteenth century, the Spaniards were able to conquer the Inca.
9. Unlike the Inca, the Spanish had guns. In 1532, the Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, was able to imprison the Inca emperor in his own home.
10. No written records remain of the Inca culture. Inca history was kept alive by “memorizers” who used the oral tradition.
