Category: Answer Questions

Read pages 150-151, Deontological Ethics, 1. Introduction.  And based on that reading, answer:
DO you think Al is an honest person?  Why?
What are deontological theories of ethics?
Answer Question 2 on page 151.

Read pages 152-154.  Answer:
Question # 1 and #4 on page 154 
Watch video on YouTube:
Beginner’s Guide to Kant’s Moral Philosophy
duration 8:19 minutes (copy and paste the title)
                            https://youtu.be/mQ2fvTvtzBM
                      In 10 sentences describe the content of that video. Number your sentences.

Read pages 155-156. Based on the reading from these pages, answer:
Please go to lecture #1, Unit 1 and copy the definition of Foundational value. Then, define and explain the Good Will. 
What makes a difference in choices made by Larry, Curly and Mo?
Answer Question #2 on page 157.
Read pages 157-159.  Answer: 
a) What is a categorical imperative?
b) What is the principle of ends?
c) What does Kant have in mind when he talks of threatening persons as means and ends?             
    (This question and answer to it is at the end of page 158.)
Read pages 160-163. Answer Question # 6 on page 169.
Read pages 164-165.  Answer:
What is Kants principle of autonomy?
What do you think of Kants belief that each person is a maker of the moral law?
Read paragraph 2 on page 166.  What you think is more important in making moral choice:  consequences of an action or peoples intentions? (Apply your answer to situation described on page 166.)
Read Cases 1-5 on pages 169-176.  Answer the following questions:
(Before you write your answers, write shortly about each case (what it is about?)  You must demonstrate that you did read it. Then write your answer.  Avoid general sentences like: I do not agree with this because it is wrong or Yes, I do agree because it makes sense to me. )
Case 1 Question #2 and #3 on page 171
Case 2 Question # 2 and #4 on page 172 (you can answer these two questions together)
Case 3 – Question # 2 and #3 on page 173 (you can answer these two questions together)
Case 4 Question #1 and #4 on page 175
Case 5 Question #1 on page 176

Read in Chapter 6 pages 112-113.  Based on that chapter, answer the following questions:
What is Hedonism?(see also page 16 and 17)
How the statement:  pleasure and happiness are not the same is explained.  Based on the reading on page 113, what is the difference between pleasure and happiness?
Find on the internet 3 different definitions of Happiness.  Copy them and comment briefly on them.

Read page 114 115. 
List higher and lower-quality pleasures according to J.S. Mill.
Answer question # 1 on page 116.
Explain Mills observation: It is better to be human dissatisfied that a pig satisfied.

On page 121 read a passage * Promises, justice and rights, then answer question 5 on page 123.
Answer question 7 on page 123.
Read Case 5 page 132:
a) Write a summary of Case 5 (what it is about and what is main point)
b)  Answer question # 5 on page 133. (Before you answer this question, write the definition of Act Utilitarianism (page 117) and list 4 aspects that need to be taken in consideration in order to properly calculate the greatest overall utility pages 117-119)

Read Case 3 on pages 148-149:
a) Write a summary of Case 3 (what it is about and what is main point)
b)  Answer question # 5.  Before you answer this question, define Dilemma Principle (page 140) do you think that this principle could be applied in deciding what is the right thing to do in this particular case?
Select on YouTube video about moral dilemma by writing:  Trolley problem or Trolley dilemma. There is many to choose from with this title. 
Describe it.
What do you think is the best solution to the Trolley problem?

On Canvas open Pages.  Watch at least 26 first minutes of the video
                      How to Be Happy! Positive Psychology in Action.
and write a paragraph sharing your reaction to that video.
If you experience a problem (hopefully not) you can access this video in SMCC library database, films on demand. If you are not sure how this work, please ask (you can also call) the librarian.  They are always glad to help.
Watch 3 videos posted on Canvas (Pages) about Utilitarianism and briefly describe all 3 videos (separately). Demonstrate that you understand the theory of Utilitarianism. (These videos are also available at SMCC library database, films on demand).
a)                  Utilitarian Theory
                      From Title: Ethics: What Is Right?  4:49
    b)                    Utilitarian Moral Framework
                          From Title: TEDTalks: Damon HorowitzA Moral Operating Sy…    duration 2:26 minutes
                    c)                  The Examined Life-Does the End Justify the Means?  28:39 minutes

Read in Chapter 6 pages 112-113.  Based on that chapter, answer the following questions:
What is Hedonism?(see also page 16 and 17)
How the statement:  pleasure and happiness are not the same is explained.  Based on the reading on page 113, what is the difference between pleasure and happiness?
Find on the internet 3 different definitions of Happiness.  Copy them and comment briefly on them.

Read page 114 115. 
List higher and lower-quality pleasures according to J.S. Mill.
Answer question # 1 on page 116.
Explain Mills observation: It is better to be human dissatisfied that a pig satisfied.

On page 121 read a passage * Promises, justice and rights, then answer question 5 on page 123.
Answer question 7 on page 123.
Read Case 5 page 132:
a) Write a summary of Case 5 (what it is about and what is main point)
b)  Answer question # 5 on page 133. (Before you answer this question, write the definition of Act Utilitarianism (page 117) and list 4 aspects that need to be taken in consideration in order to properly calculate the greatest overall utility pages 117-119)

Read Case 3 on pages 148-149:
a) Write a summary of Case 3 (what it is about and what is main point)
b)  Answer question # 5.  Before you answer this question, define Dilemma Principle (page 140) do you think that this principle could be applied in deciding what is the right thing to do in this particular case?
Select on YouTube video about moral dilemma by writing:  Trolley problem or Trolley dilemma. There is many to choose from with this title. 
Describe it.
What do you think is the best solution to the Trolley problem?

On Canvas open Pages.  Watch at least 26 first minutes of the video
                      How to Be Happy! Positive Psychology in Action.
and write a paragraph sharing your reaction to that video.
If you experience a problem (hopefully not) you can access this video in SMCC library database, films on demand. If you are not sure how this work, please ask (you can also call) the librarian.  They are always glad to help.
Watch 3 videos posted on Canvas (Pages) about Utilitarianism and briefly describe all 3 videos (separately). Demonstrate that you understand the theory of Utilitarianism. (These videos are also available at SMCC library database, films on demand).
a)                  Utilitarian Theory
                      From Title: Ethics: What Is Right?  4:49
    b)                    Utilitarian Moral Framework
                          From Title: TEDTalks: Damon HorowitzA Moral Operating Sy…    duration 2:26 minutes
                    c)                  The Examined Life-Does the End Justify the Means?  28:39 minutes

Read Chapter 5 Moral Psychology and Egoism pages 87-106.  Answer the following questions:
                                   
    Milgrams experiment (pages 87-88).  What was Milgrams experiment? What was tested in this experiment?  How was it done?
On page 103 there is a link to a video about this experiment.  Please watch it.  To make it easier: go to Pages on Canvas. The first part of video for question 2 Obeying or Resisting Authority is showing how this experiment was conducted.

    Watch the video posted in PAGES:
Obeying or Resisting Authority: A Psychological Retrospective

    Describe the Stanford Prison Experiment.

    What these two experiments from video in question 2 show us about peoples moral behavior?  Write min 1 paragraph.

Read pages 89 -91 and based on that reading answer following questions: 
    What is PSYCHOLOGICAL SYTUATIONISM?
    According to described psychological experiments and situations findings we have reasons to believe that peoples moral behavior does not remain consistent over time. What are the factors that may change peoples decisions?
                                 
    Pages 93-95:  What is the play of Hopi children described on page 93 and how it can be justified (p.95)? Do you agree?
    Page 94:  What are the results of culture of honor experiment?  If both northern and southern whites value honor, what is different in their moral reasoning?
    Page 96-99:  What is the difference between ethical and psychological egoism?

    ALTRUISM:  Do you know any movie or book describing a person that made a choice to act at a great personal sacrifice for the sake of others? Who is that person and what that person did?

    EGOISM: What would be an example of the most egoistic act?  Give two examples: one act of an individual persons and one collective act (as a society).   

    Read Case 4 on page 105.  Is this an example what is really wrong with our societies?
a)  Write a summary of Case 4.
b) Answer question # 5 p. 106. 

    Please go to Pages on Canvas. Watch video about Altruism posted there. This video is presented in segments you need sometimes click on the screen to continue watching next segment.
    Write 15 sentences about what did you learn. Number your sentences.
    From segments 1 and 13:  Do you think that people are naturally good, nice and altruistic?  What answer this video is suggesting?

You can also access this video on SMCC library Database, Films on demand.  If you are not sure how to do that, please call and ask the librarian, they are people in our library always willing to help.  In the future I will be posting more videos from this database and it will be good for you to know how to find videos there (in case you experience some trouble watching them via Canvas). 
55:11
The Kindness of Strangers: Altruism and Human Nature 
Segments
Are Humans Born Good or Bad?00:52
Tsunami00:58
Sri Lanka, December 200402:13
Altruism: Helping Others at a Cost to Oneself.00:45
Colombo: Preventing Tsunami Related Epidemic01:02
The Samaritan Paradox: Self-Interested Agents and Survival of the Fittest01:25
Compelled to Help01:01
Selfish Gene: Why Blood is Thicker than Water01:19
Altruism     Beyond    the Family: Selfishness in Disguise?01:57
Beyond Natural Selection: The Good of the Group01:14
Loyalty to the Group: A Driving Force01:32
Unawatuna    Sri Lanka: The Work Continues01:13
Humans: Nasty or Nice?01:30
Kalmanai    Sri Lanka:01:29

    Watch posted in PAGES:  TEDTalks: Philip ZimbardoHow Ordinary People Become Monsters…Or Heroes

Based on that video answer:
    Why Zimbardo introduced Psychology of Heroism in this video?
    Who are Heroes?

    Answer these two questions from the MODULE Lecture 4.  Explain your point of view. 
    Some people are sacrificing their life for other people.  Is it praiseworthy? 
    Should we educate and encourage our children to sacrifice themselves for the sake of others?