The most important function of testing is not to provide a basis for grading. Rather, tests are an important educational tool.  The reality of high stakes testing environments and the pressure to maintain good grades and a high grade point average has increased the incidents of cheating in higher education. Explain how you would create a class atmosphere that values academic honesty and discourages cheating. Do you believe academic misconduct policies should be strictly enforced (zero tolerance), or should enforcement be left up to the discretion of the instructor? Justify your response. What would you do if you encountered an incident of cheating?