Fulfills Course Outcome: 3. Process theories of cultural evolution and major transformative processes experienced by the human species in differing environmental contexts.

Please read over all instructions first before proceeding and ask if you have questions.

Discussions consist of 4 main parts: A. research/reading; B. writing and making an initial post; C. reading the initial posts of others; and D. replying to others’ initial posts. Please see the “Discussion Guidelines” for full information.

BACKGROUND:

One of the great discoveries that humans have made is that the skies hold vast information about the universe, and that celestial bodies and their cycles have a bearing on human lives. Natural phenomena have been given deep cultural meanings for eons. Today the science of astronomy is greatly aided by high tech, but our observations go back far in time with far less sophisticated equipment.

Archaeoastronomy is the study of how people in the past understood astronomy and the night sky. Many ancient monuments appear to have astronomical significance; for example, Stonehenge, England (Chapter 6) aligns with both the sunrise of the summer solstice and sunset of the winter solstice. Structures at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico (Chapter 7) have solar and lunar orientations. Monk’s Mound and Woodhenge at Cahokia, Illinois (Chapter 8) were built to have astronomical alignments. Even marking a few astronomical events using structures would require knowledge, planning, and extensive labor.

Regularly recurring astronomical events are the vernal equinox, summer solstice, and the position of Polaris (the North Star). Others are the revolutions of planets, comets, and stars. Meteors have held great significance in prehistoric and historic cultures alike, and meteor showers are watched by millions of people around the world. The phases of the moon affect Earth and have been noted for thousands of years. Solar and lunar eclipses were tracked by many ancient peoples and continue to hold significance today.

For this discussion, you will explore the field of archaeoastronomy by investigating a site of your choice (pertaining to Chapters 6, 7, or 8), and come to appreciate the skills and intellect of peoples of the past.

(quoted materials from Olszewski, Deborah. 2020. Archaeology and Humanity’s Story: A Brief Introduction to World Prehistory, 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.)

RESEARCH

Read Chapters 6, 7, and 8 of your textbook (Archaeology and Humanity’s Story, 2nd) to get a background on the archaeological evidence for archaeoastronomy at various ancient sites. You can also refer to information from PowerPoints posted in Module 2.
Read this summary article about the significance of winter solstice celebrations in the past and today: https://www.sapiens.org/culture/winter-solstice-celebrations/ (Links to an external site.)
Here is a website with information from a wide swath of cultures around the world: https://hraf.yale.edu/winter-solstice-celebrations-around-the-world/ (Links to an external site.)
Explore the fascinating field of archaeoastronomy from this reliable website: https://www.archaeoastronomy.org/ (Links to an external site.)
Conduct further research on ONE particular site that interests you from Chapters 6, 7, or 8 by consulting at least THREE reliable sources.  For example, here is a link to more in-depth information about Chaco Canyon: https://www.nps.gov/chcu/index.htm (Links to an external site.). Use only reliable sources (please consult this handout: Evaluating Sources-CRAAP Test Never use Wikipedia as a source.)

WRITING:

INITIAL POST DISCUSSION QUESTIONS – DUE: February 4, Tuesday

Answer each question with a few paragraphs. A single sentence answer is not sufficient. Please remember to number your responses according to the question asked.

Tell us two significant facts you discovered about the field of archaeoastronomy from the website links posted above.
Which site from the textbook did you choose? First, tell us why you chose this site. Then, provide basic information about it: location, environment, chronology, cultural affiliation, types of remains, etc.
Embed a photo of the site you chose into the discussion board. (Please do not attach the photo as attachments are not opened.)
How and why is this site astronomically significant? Report on the structures or features that align with particular astronomical phenomena.
How do you think the people living in this ancient community would have created this site? Outline the steps they would have had to take to build an astronomically-significant building or feature.
What are the sources you used? Following the Chicago style, record the complete references for all materials used.

 

  1. Assignment 1: First Paper
    Due Week 5 and worth 100 points

    Choose ONE (1) of the categories listed below to focus on for this First Paper assignment. For your topic you must demonstrate knowledge of the terms and concepts of Chapter 1 and incorporate them into your paper.

  2. Write a paper in which you compare and contrast two (2) major Eastern religions (Hinduism; Buddhism; Taoism; Confucianism; Shinto) Begin your project with a clear and focused thesis statement. Address the origins, region, main leaders, the particular teachings/philosophies, rituals, scriptures, holidays/holy days, and impact of the religions. Use the categories and terms from chapter 1 in your descriptions of the religions.
  3. Write a paper in which you feature a dialogue between Confucius and The Buddha. Begin your project with a clear and focused thesis statement. Address these points: origin/birth; what led to their ethical system; what is their ethical system; what was the reaction to their new concepts. Compare and contrast their teachings/philosophies. Use the terms and concepts from Chapter 1 to illuminate your dialogue.
  4. Write a paper presenting a visual report on two (2) Eastern religions sites nearby (an alternative for those in rural places would be to do an Internet search of two (2) religious locations). Begin your project with a clear and focused thesis statement. Look at architecture, interior space, etc. Include visuals to illustrate your points. How do these reflect the definitions and terms of Chapter 1, and what we have learned about these religions?
  5. Conduct an extensive interview with a person who practices Eastern religions and write a paper presenting the results of this interview. Begin your project with a clear and focused thesis statement. Use these questions in your interview: How did you become associated with this religion? What is it about this religion that intrigues you? Is it difficult to practice your faith? What readings/scriptures do you use? What are some rituals you perform? What holy days/holidays do you keep? What would you like your neighbors/colleagues to know about your faith? Use the definitions and categories of religion from Chapter 1 to guide the interview.
  6. Write a paper that explores Indigenous religions. After an introduction with a clear and focused thesis statement, set up a three-columned chart: one column for the basic elements of religion; one for Indigenous religions, and one for the Eastern religion of your choice (there are at least three that have Indigenous components/roots). Choose what you believe are at least the five (5) basic elements of a religion, then see if they are in Indigenous religions and an Eastern religion. Summarize your results in a concluding paragraph and address these questions: Based on the terms and definitions of Chapter 1, are indigenous religions really religions? Using the information from Chapter 2, did you find any indigenous religious elements in Eastern religions?
  7. Write a paper that explores religion in the news. Find an extensive news story on one Eastern religion or Indigenous religion. Begin your project with a clear, focused thesis statement. Using 5 (five) terms and concepts from Chapter 1 and pertinent chapters from Fisher, interpret that story for people at a family gathering by explaining how it relates to the basic tenets of that faith tradition.
  8. Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
  9. Use at least three (3) quality resources as references for the assignment and document your sources using SWS Style for in-text citations and references. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not qualify as quality resources.
  10. Write clearly and coherently using correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and mechanics.
  11. Your assignment must meet these requirements:
  • This course requires use of new . The format is different from other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow SWS or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the students name, the professors name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
  • The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
  • Determine how the world views of major religions compare to each other and their impacts on society.
  • Outline the world views of major religions.
  1. By submitting this paper, you agree: (1) that you are submitting your paper to be used and stored as part of the SafeAssign services in accordance with the ; (2) that your institution may use your paper in accordance with your institution’s policies; and (3) that your use of SafeAssign will be without recourse against Blackboard Inc. and its affiliates.

  Video: Episode 2: Order and Disorder  (1825-1865) This episode of NEW YORK: A DOCUMENTARY FILM details New York’s enormous growth as a booming commercial center and multi-ethnic port, and the mounting tensions that set the stage for the nation’s bloodiest riot.
Watch the section on Central Park, minutes 54-1:07 in Episode 2.
copy and paste into browser, link may not work directly.
these lectures will also be helpful:
http://iris.nyit.edu/~nbloom/NewYorkWater.mp4
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwhO-PHbbJpqWnotcEUtQVMyOGc/view
Jacob Riis & NYC Slums
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HRVpUN6AZY

1. What were the public health and quality of life issues faced by New York in the nineteenth century? Be specific from each film.
2. What solutions were proposed? What projects were created?
3. How successful were these projects?
4. What were some of the costs of these projects? In other words, were there any negative results of reform that you can see?
5. How do these reforms still impact our lives today?

Instructions

For this assignment, select one of the following options.

Option 1: Poetry

Select any 2 poems about the Holocaust. You can select from the following list of poets/poems or conduct additional research on Holocaust poetry. Make sure to get approval from your instructor if you are selecting something not on the list. Click on the link to see the list:

Link: List of Poets/Poems

 

Bronislawa Wajs: Tears of Blood

Primo Levi: Buna

Chaim Nachman Bialik: After My Death; On the Slaughter

Martin Niemller: First They Came for the Jews

Mary Elizabeth Frye: Do not stand at my grave and weep

Carl Sandburg: Grass

Mikls Radnti: Postcard 1; Postcard 2; Postcard 3; Postcard 4

Bertolt Brecht: The Burning of the Books; Parting; The Mask of Evil

Ber Horvitz: Der Himmel [The Heavens]

Yala Korwin: Passover Night 1942; The Little Boy with His Hands Up

Michael R. Burch: Something

Paul Celan: Death Fugue; O, Little Root of a Dream

Write an analysis of each poem, including the following information:

Explain the background on the author, especially in relation to the Holocaust.

Explain the content of the poem – what story or message is it trying to tell?

How does the poem relate to the bigger picture of the Holocaust?

How effective is the poem in relating the Holocaust to readers?

Option 2: Art

Select any 2 of works of art about the Holocaust. You can select from the following list or conduct additional research on Holocaust art. Make sure to get approval from your instructor if you are selecting something not on the list. Click on the link to see the list:

Link: List of Artists/Artworks

 

Morris Kestelman: Lama Sabachthani [Why Have You Forsaken Me?]

George Mayer-Marton: Women with Boudlers

Bill Spira: Prisoners Carrying Cement

Jan Hartman: Death March (Czechowice-Bielsko, January 1945)

Edgar Ainsworth: Belsen

Leslie Cole: One of the Death Pits, Belsen. SS Guards Collecting Bodies

Doris Zinkeisen: Human Laundry, Belsen: April 1945

Eric Taylor: A Young Boy from Belsen Concentration Camp

Mary Kessell: Notes from Belsen Camp

Edith Birkin: The Death Cart – Lodz Ghetto

Shmuel Dresner: Benjamin

Roman Halter: Mother with Babies

Leo Breuer: Path Between the Barracks, Gurs Camp

Leo (Lev) Haas: Transport Arrival, Theresienstadt Ghetto

Jacob Lipschitz: Beaten (My Brother Gedalyahu)

Norbert Troller: Terezin

Anselm Kiefer: Sternenfall

Write an analysis of each artwork, including the following information:

Identify the title, artist, date completed, and medium used.

Explain the content of the artwork – what do the images show?

How does the artwork relate to the bigger picture of the Holocaust?

How effective is the artwork in relating the Holocaust to viewers?

 

Option 3: Video
Watch the following video:

  • Link (video): (35:00)
  • If the link doesn’t work, the video is   called:

directed by Holly Faison, fl. 1994-2006; produced by Holly Faison, fl. 1994-2006, Jim Maguire, fl. 1976, Eve Cotton, fl. 1986 and Leslie Nathan, fl. 1985, Audio Visual Narrative Arts (Mount Kisco, NY: Guidance Associates, 1985), 35 mins 

Write a paper on what you learned about peoples’ experiences and intentions during the Holocaust:

  • What were the Nazis thinking of when they made these decisions?
  • What were the otherwise good people of Germany thinking when they allowed it to go on?
  • What were the victims of this genocide thinking and feeling as they went through this terrible process?
  • Describe at least one part of the video that had the greatest impact on you.
  • How effective are the writings/images in the video in relating the Holocaust to viewers?

 

Writing Requirements (APA format)

  • Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page or references page)
  • 1-inch margins
  • Double spaced
  • 12-point Times New Roman font
  • Title page
  • References page

  

HIST 1378

Paper 1- Due Thursday February 9, by 11:59 pm (electronic submission in blackboard)

NO PLAGIARISM or OUTSIDE SOURCES

PROMPT:  Over the course of the late-19th century, the United States began its ascent to becoming the world power it was during the American Century. Using at least one example from EACH social, economic, and foreign policies, what philosophical and ideological developments had the most impact on turning America into the global powerhouse it was by 1900? Why?  Make sure to pick three separate ideologies and clearly explain their significance in a cohesive, argument-driven essay. Provide specific evidence from both lecture AND the course textbook (Davidson, U.S.: A Narrative History) to support your position.

In developing your paper, you must have an argument that addresses the assignment question and underline that argument. If you cannot clearly explain your position, and underline that argument, how do you expect your TA to know your argument? Your paper will be penalized if you do not underline your argument. You must cite your evidence (material you are using from lecture or the textbook) with footnotes (see styles below). Any use of internet sources or texts not assigned for this course will result in an F on the assignment and may be grounds for Academic Misconduct. 

REQUIREMENTS: Your paper must be:

3 full pages in length (no longer)

12 pt font

Times New Roman 

double-spaced

and have 1 margins (be sure to check the default settings in your word program)

RULES:

1. The Paper is due at or before 11:59 pm on Wednesday February 9. You will submit this paper to the blackboard Paper Assignment 1 link on the lecture course home page. 

2. Be sure that you receive an emailed receipt from Turnitin confirming your submission. If you do not get a receipt- your paper is not submitted and late penalties will apply. Your electronic submission will note the time you uploaded your paper. 

3. If you wait until 11:58 pm to begin the upload process, do not be shocked when you encounter problems with heavy internet traffic and then your paper is late. Procrastination is not a valid excuse to avoid penalties. 

4. NO emailed papers to the TA or instructor will be accepted. 

5. Late papers will be penalized 10 points per 24 hours, a 10-point penalty will be assigned beginning at 12:01 am September 26, 20 points, beginning at 12:01 am September 27, and 30 points, beginning at 12:01am September 28. Papers will no longer be accepted after 11:00 pm September 28.

  

Please read the below Academic Honesty Pledge. All Students are responsible for knowing the Universitys Academic Honesty Policy and following the specific Academic Honesty Pledge outlined below. 

Academic Honesty Pledge:

This document is intended to remind any students who wait until the last minute to work on a college assignment: Do not make a poor and regrettable decision that will tarnish your academic credentials and academic future (i.e. do not use someone elses ideas/paper and call it your own).

I acknowledge that:

– The ideas included in this paper are mine, and mine alone

– I did not use any internet sources to help me write this paper

– I did not seek nor provide assistance to current students in any of Tillerys History courses while writing this paper

– I did not seek the assistance of former students of Tillerys history courses to write this paper

– I did not pay someone to write this paper for me

– I understand if any part of this paper is plagiarized, I will be caught

– The penalty for violating the academic honesty policy in this course: 0 on assignment, F in course

All students are responsible for upholding the academic integrity of the University educational environment. Students who fail to uphold this academic integrity will be referred to the Universitys Academic Affairs officer within the Provost Office.

    

For lecture: Tillery, Rise of the New Industrial Order, August 28, 2019, Lecture.

For textbook: Davidson, pg. # .

How is the media, biased, more towards progressive-liberal values, conservative values or in both directions depending on the specific media outlets you may access? Explain your response.
(2) Find two or more examples of media bias (video clip, article, images) and attach to your Dropbox submission. Explain in detail how these example/s represent media bias and the impact that it has on public opinion. As part of your research and examination of media bias include recent polling data results showing the publics confidence in the objectivity or fairness of the media. Provide an Internet citation for each polling source discussed.
4-5 double-spaced pages of text
Write in complete sentences and paragraphs. Bullet points or lists will not be accepted.

Start by choosing another culture youre interested in. It could be ancient (Rome, Maya, Inca, Persia, etc.), medieval (Britain, Italy, the Holy Land), or modern (America or literally anywhere). Do a little research on your own to figure out what the funerary rituals for that culture. Consider, for example, what we know Mayan funerary rituals, how we know that, and what that reveals about Mayan religious, social, and cultural beliefs. Spend at least 150 words writing up what we know about the funerary beliefs of that culture. Then spend at least another 150 words comparing those funerary rituals to those mentioned regarding Homers description of Achilles commemoration of Patroclus. Make sure to note at least 2 similarities and 2 differences.
I also post 2 additional readings might help.

Using at least two different texts, compare and contrast how each can be used in support for our argument answering one of these questions:
1.What are some of the implications/consequences that come from cultural stereotypes?2.How can personal perspective affect cross-cultural interactions/understandings?
3.What are some significant aspects that came from the first cultural encounters between East Asia and the West? Why are they significant?

Read the linked document, a selection taken from The Ills of the South, written by Charles H. Okten, a Mississippi Baptist preacher, and schoolteacher, in which he describes conditions for Black Americans under the sharecropping and crop-lien system.
Review and identify information on the linked site Reconstruction the Second Civil War: Slave to Sharecropper, for information to support your discussion.

https://mdc.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-268947-dt-forum-rid-110908419_1/xid-110908419_1 ( The Ills of the South)

https://youtu.be/W5-xTRhw-Zw ( Slave to Sharecropper)

After you have completed your readings post your response to only ONE of the following questions:
Discuss one of these statements: Were the Black Codes another form of slavery? OR Were Sharecropping and Crop-Lien another form of slavery?  OR Were Jim Crow Laws another form of slavery? Support your position.
Based on Okten’s statements, discuss how the system created a “vicious cycle’?
Consider the following statement:  The persistence of racism in both the North and the South lay at the heart of Reconstruction’s failure. Agree or disagree, and explain your position.