1.Why might a biologist be interested in comparing the amino acid sequence of proteins between two different species?  What differences might she find when comparing species that are distantly related or closely related?  Explain.
2.Trans-fatty acids are a type of unsaturated fat.  Most trans-fats consumed today are industrially created as a side effect of partial hydrogenation of plant oils (Crisco).  In trans-fat molecules, the hydrogens on the doubly bonded carbon atoms (characteristic of all unsaturated fats) are straighter, rather than kinked, in shape.  This straightening produces an unnatural molecule.  Why do you think trans-fats are considered unhealthy as compared to other unsaturated fats?  Can you explain your answer chemically?
3.Most adult humans lose the ability to digest dairy products, a condition known as lactose-intolerance because of an inactivity of the lactase enzyme for digestion. However, there is a high degree of lactose tolerant people who are from northern European descent.  How can you explain lactose tolerance from a chemical perspective and why would there be a greater frequency from northern Europe?
4.Epulos, a bacterium growing in the gut of tropical surgeon fish can reach the size of 500 micrometers.  How does this compare to other bacteria and what problems does this present the epulos?  What are some ways that a cell this size could alter its structure to survive?

I have 2 topics here. I just need a short answer for each.
Thank you very Much. I will post the instructions.
This assignment asks you to reflect on your experience with a stereotypes, or what Adichie calls “Single Stories.”

Directions: After watching Adichie’s TED Talk, please write a bit about your experience(s) with a single story.  Complete all of the following:

Have you ever been stereotyped? Describe/explain.  (2 points)
Have you ever stereotyped someone else? Describe/explain. (2) points

Now for the second one, I will upload a doc, what is needed. This board gives you the chance to demonstrate your ability to think sociologically about the world by using your knowledge of the CW Mills article.

Do this by writing about how a problem could be caused either by an individual or by social forces.

Demonstrate your knowledge by posting the following three things:

(1) A problem that you may have encountered in your everyday life (anything except “getting a job,” which is the example in the lecture slides).

(2) An explanation of how the same problem you type above could be a trouble: An individual-level cause of the problem from (1) that would result in only one or a few people being affected by the problem.  Make sure to explain how your example results from an individual-level cause and therefore would only affect one or a few people.

(3) An explanation of how the same problem you type above could be an issue: A social/structural cause of the problem from (1) that would result in many people being affected by the problem. Make sure to explain how your example results from an structural cause and therefore would result in many people being affected.

For Step 1, choose a topic of sociological interest. Be sure to include why you chose the topic and why it would be interesting to sociologists. So, don’t just choose something obvious like “Cigarettes and health.”  Everybody already knows about that. Choose something that merits actually doing research. Remember, sociologists are interested in the relationship between individuals and society.  So, a topic like, Green leaf vegetables and cancer, while both important and interesting, is not really a sociological study, but more like health sciences or nutrition.  For more help, refer to YMAY pages 35-40

For Step 2, think about and compose a specific research question that emerges from your general topic of interest.  Then, create a falsifiable hypothesis about how the relationship in your research question might function.  Make sure your hypothesis is a testable statement (not a question) that could be determined to be false at the conclusion of your research (if it were to actually be conducted). Based on your hypothesis, you should come up with and clearly identify at least one dependent and one independent variable. These variables must appear in your hypothesis.  You should also identify at least one control variable that might affect your results, and explain how this control variable may affect the relationship between your independent and dependent variables.

For Step 3, describe your target population and type of study. That is, tell me who or what exactly is going to be in your study and how you would go about getting access to this group.  At this point, it is also important to think about what type of sample you will collect and whether you will be able to generalize findings from your sample to your population.